Early detection saves lives!

One of the most important benefits of cancer awareness is early detection. Recognising the signs and symptoms of cancer early can lead to early medical intervention, which is often critical for successful treatment.

Know your body!
Perform regular self-examinations (skin, breast or testicular) and be aware of any changes. Make an effort to know the signs and symptoms of cancers so you know what to look out for!

Get vaccinated!
The HPV vaccine protects against infections caused by the human papillomavirus, which can lead to several types of cancer. Vaccination can significantly reduce the risk of cervical cancer in women and other cancers, including anal, throat, mouth and several types of genital cancers in both men and women.

Get regular cancer screening!
Screening is the process of examining your body and performing tests to notice early warnings or changes. Screening is done both by you and by your healthcare professional. Some common types of screening are:

Breast examination
Ask your doctor to do a breast examination.

Mammogram
A mammogram is an X-ray examination of the breast, which is used to detect and diagnose breast cancer. It can spot tumors that are too small to be felt during a physical examination. A mammogram is recommended for women aged 40 and over, every two years (unless your doctor tells you otherwise).

Blood tests
Blood tests like CEA and CA-125 are important for detecting and monitoring certain types of cancers. These tests can spot tumor activity, and stool examinations can detect abnormal blood loss.

• The carcinoembryonic antigen test checks the blood for CEA, a nonspecific cancer biomarker. Doctors who suspect a person may have colon cancer may order a CEA test to check for high levels of the antigen.
• The CA-125 blood test measures the amount of protein in your blood. It’s used to monitor certain cancers.
• The Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) test is done to help detect prostate abnormalities. The PSA test is often combined with a digital rectal exam. Talk to a doctor about screening at age 45, or sooner if you have a family history.

Pap smear test
Pap smear tests can spot precancerous changes in the cervical cells. Regular screenings can detect any cervical changes and can protect you from developing cancer.
You need to start going for Pap smear tests from the following ages:

• 21 to 29: very 3 years (unless your doctor tells you otherwise).
• 30 to 65: get co-testing (Pap smear test combined with HPV test) every 5 years, or just a Pap smear test every 3 years (discuss your options with your doctor).
• Women living with HIV should go for an annual Pap smear test.

Talk to your healthcare provider for more information on cancer awareness and screening.